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Prescripción por Profesionales de Enfermería en México

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Prescripción por Profesionales de Enfermería en México

Prescription by Nursing Professionals in Mexico as a Strategy for Moving Toward a System Centered on Primary Health Care: A Perspective from the Critical Care Nursing Research Club - Latin America and the Caribbean.

At the Critical Care Nursing Research Club – Latin America and the Caribbean (CIEnCLaC), supported by The Global Health Network , we celebrate significant advances in public policies and, at the same time, we assume the commitment to analyze and reflect on those that directly impact clinical practice and nursing research. Nursing, from a humanistic and ethical perspective of care, is conceived as an autonomous discipline oriented towards well-being, promotion, and continuity of care. In Mexico today, under the legal and constitutional framework, the right to health protection is guaranteed and, in turn, recognizes that nursing professionals, with criteria, guidelines, and supervision, can prescribe medications. It is worth mentioning that the expansion of the prescribing role of nursing within the system not only helps to dignify the profession, but also reinforces the effective fulfillment of the constitutional right to health in Mexico.

Currently, advanced practice theories recognized by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) support the idea that controlled and protocolized prescribing is part of advanced nursing practice, provided there is regulatory support and adequate clinical training. This expansion of professional competencies in Mexico responds to the need to strengthen primary care, guarantee accessibility, equity, and efficiency in primary health care, and can be considered a strategy for advancing health.

A strategy for advancing the health system is oriented toward achieving better health outcomes. Therefore, we can consider nursing prescriptions at the primary care level in Mexico to be a strategy for advancing health that would achieve a positive multidimensional impact: social, economic, cultural, educational, and professional.

Within the multidimensional impact, we can consider: improving equity and access to quality health services, reducing inequalities; optimizing resources and expenses, reducing unnecessary medical consultations and/or preventing hospitalizations; culturally speaking, it would help transform the traditional paradigm of the physician as the sole prescriber and thus increase the social value of the profession; in education, it would require strengthening professional training with an emphasis on pharmacology through certifications, continuing education, and research. With this multidimensional impact, nursing could consolidate its leading role in decision-making at the primary level of care and even more so as an agent of change in the transformation of the healthcare system.

We must not overlook research as a performance profile for prescribing nursing professionals. The research profile enhances competency in medication prescription, as it develops critical skills, fosters scientific updating, ensures evidence-based practices, and supports the legitimacy of nursing as a key player in primary health care.

CIEnCLaC is committed to building applied knowledge, promoting evidence-based public policies, and leading nursing in transforming patient safety in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Prescrição por profissionais de enfermagem no México como estratégia para avançar em direção a um sistema centrado na atenção primária à saúde: uma perspectiva do Clube de Pesquisa em Enfermagem em Terapia Intensiva - América Latina e Caribe.

Desde o Clube de Pesquisa em Terapia Intensiva de América Latina e Caribe (CIEnCLaC), apoiado pela The Global Health Network, celebramos avanços significativos em políticas públicas e, ao mesmo tempo, assumimos o compromisso de analisar e refletir sobre aquelas que impactam diretamente a prática clínica e a pesquisa em enfermagem. A enfermagem, a partir de uma perspectiva humanística e ética do cuidado, é concebida como uma disciplina autônoma orientada para o bem-estar, a promoção e a continuidade do cuidado. No México, hoje, sob o marco legal e constitucional, o direito à proteção da saúde é garantido e, por sua vez, reconhece que os profissionais de enfermagem, com critérios, diretrizes e supervisão, podem prescrever medicamentos. Vale ressaltar que a expansão do papel prescritor da enfermagem dentro do sistema não apenas ajuda a dignificar a profissão, mas também reforça o cumprimento efetivo do direito constitucional à saúde no México.

Atualmente, as teorias de prática avançada reconhecidas pelo Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiros (ICN) sustentam a ideia de que a prescrição controlada e protocolada faz parte da prática avançada de enfermagem, desde que haja respaldo regulatório e treinamento clínico adequado. Essa expansão das competências profissionais no México responde à necessidade de fortalecer a atenção primária, garantir acessibilidade, equidade e eficiência na atenção primária à saúde e pode ser considerada uma estratégia para o avanço da saúde.

Uma estratégia para o avanço do sistema de saúde é orientada para a obtenção de melhores resultados em saúde. Portanto, podemos considerar as prescrições de enfermagem no nível de atenção primária no México como uma estratégia para o avanço da saúde que alcançaria um impacto multidimensional positivo: social, econômico, cultural, educacional e profissional.

Dentro do impacto multidimensional, podemos considerar: melhorar a equidade e o acesso a serviços de saúde de qualidade, reduzindo desigualdades; otimizar recursos e gastos, reduzindo consultas médicas desnecessárias e/ou prevenindo hospitalizações; culturalmente, contribuiria para a transformação do paradigma tradicional do médico como único prescritor e, assim, aumentar o valor social da profissão; na educação, exigiria o fortalecimento da formação profissional com ênfase em farmacologia por meio de certificações, educação continuada e pesquisa. Com esse impacto multidimensional, a enfermagem poderia consolidar seu papel de liderança na tomada de decisões no nível primário de atenção e, mais ainda, como agente de mudança na transformação do sistema de saúde.

Não devemos ignorar a pesquisa como perfil de desempenho para profissionais de enfermagem prescritores. O perfil de pesquisa aprimora a competência na prescrição de medicamentos, pois desenvolve habilidades críticas, promove a atualização científica, garante práticas baseadas em evidências e reforça a legitimidade da enfermagem como ator fundamental na atenção primária à saúde.

O CIEnCLaC está comprometido em construir conhecimento aplicado, promover políticas públicas baseadas em evidências e liderar a enfermagem na transformação da segurança do paciente na América Latina e no Caribe.

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